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Geographic information systems (GIS) (also known as Geospatial information systems) are computer software and hardware systems that enable users to capture, store, analyse and manage spatially referenced data.〔(GIS.com Guide to Geographic Information Systems ) Accessed 13 March 2008〕 GISs have transformed the way spatial (geographic) data, relationships and patterns in the world are able to be interactively queried, processed, analysed, mapped, modelled, visualised, and displayed for an increasingly large range of users, for a multitude of purposes.〔〔(Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis's GIS Timeline displaying the development and grow of GIS from the 1960s to the present day ) Accessed 13 March 2008〕〔(Geographical Information and Technology Association web page ) Accessed 13 March 2008〕 ==Examples of GIS applications == Uses of GIS range from indigenous people, communities, research institutions, environmental scientists, health organisations, land use planners, businesses, and government agencies at all levels.〔 Some examples include: * Crime mapping * Historical geographic information systems * GIS and Hydrology * Remote sensing applications * Traditional knowledge gis * Public Participation GIS * Road networking * Wastewater and stormwater systems * Waste management 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「GIS applications」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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